This is grub.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from grub.texi.

This manual is for GNU GRUB (version 2.14-rc1-54-g29f3131a3, 6 December
2025).

   Copyright ©
1999,2000,2001,2002,2004,2006,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 Free
Software Foundation, Inc.

     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
     document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
     Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software
     Foundation; with no Invariant Sections.
INFO-DIR-SECTION Kernel
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* GRUB: (grub).                 The GRand Unified Bootloader
* grub-install: (grub)Invoking grub-install.    Install GRUB on your drive
* grub-mkconfig: (grub)Invoking grub-mkconfig.  Generate GRUB configuration
* grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2: (grub)Invoking grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2.
* grub-mkrelpath: (grub)Invoking grub-mkrelpath.
* grub-mkrescue: (grub)Invoking grub-mkrescue.  Make a GRUB rescue image
* grub-mount: (grub)Invoking grub-mount.        Mount a file system using GRUB
* grub-probe: (grub)Invoking grub-probe.        Probe device information
* grub-script-check: (grub)Invoking grub-script-check.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY


Indirect:
grub.info-1: 1173
grub.info-2: 301491

Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top1173
Node: Introduction3781
Node: Overview4225
Node: Overview-Footnotes6223
Ref: Overview-Footnote-16284
Node: History6450
Node: Changes from GRUB Legacy8540
Node: Features11074
Node: Features-Footnotes17852
Ref: Features-Footnote-117913
Ref: Features-Footnote-218009
Ref: Features-Footnote-318156
Node: Role of a boot loader18301
Node: Role of a boot loader-Footnotes19640
Ref: Role of a boot loader-Footnote-119727
Node: Naming convention19806
Node: OS-specific notes about grub tools22773
Node: Installation23809
Node: Installing GRUB using grub-install24959
Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM27314
Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnotes29229
Ref: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnote-129332
Node: Device map29407
Node: BIOS installation31394
Node: Booting36045
Node: General boot methods36580
Node: Loading an operating system directly37277
Node: Kexec38004
Node: Chain-loading38767
Node: Loopback booting39731
Node: LVM cache booting41489
Node: OS-specific notes42755
Node: GNU/Hurd43045
Node: GNU/Linux44176
Node: NetBSD45538
Node: DOS/Windows47032
Node: Configuration48826
Node: Simple configuration49546
Node: Root Identification Heuristics67979
Node: Shell-like scripting71134
Node: Shell-like scripting-Footnotes79710
Ref: Shell-like scripting-Footnote-179795
Node: Multi-boot manual config79922
Node: Embedded configuration83544
Node: Theme file format86480
Ref: Pixmap-styled progress bar87945
Ref: Plain progress bar, drawn with solid color.87957
Ref: An example of the slices (in red) used for a terminal window. This drawing was created and sliced in Inkscape_, as the next section explains.91448
Node: Network111912
Node: Serial terminal116647
Node: Vendor power-on keys119082
Node: Images121061
Node: Core image size limitation126188
Node: Filesystem128775
Node: Device syntax129488
Node: File name syntax132625
Node: Block list syntax133739
Node: Interface134639
Node: Command-line interface135467
Node: Command-line interface-Footnotes137391
Ref: Command-line interface-Footnote-1137480
Node: Menu interface137575
Node: Menu entry editor138718
Node: Environment139460
Node: Special environment variables140248
Node: appendedsig_key_mgmt141479
Node: biosnum142165
Node: blsuki_save_default142721
Node: check_appended_signatures143077
Node: check_signatures143758
Node: chosen144083
Node: cmdpath144530
Node: color_highlight144961
Node: color_normal145381
Node: config_directory147136
Node: config_file147432
Node: cryptodisk_passphrase_tries147857
Node: debug148273
Node: default149264
Node: fallback150720
Node: gfxmode151057
Node: gfxpayload151887
Node: gfxterm_font153077
Node: grub_cpu153385
Node: grub_platform153685
Node: icondir153989
Node: lang154310
Node: locale_dir154795
Node: lockdown155300
Node: menu_color_highlight155546
Node: menu_color_normal156048
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_boot_file156557
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_clientid156792
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_clientuuid157034
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_dhcp_server_name157287
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_domain157550
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_extensionspath157797
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_hostname158052
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_ip158291
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_mac158507
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_next_server158728
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_rootpath158971
Node: net_default_interface159210
Node: net_default_ip159430
Node: net_default_mac159627
Node: net_default_server159823
Node: pager160016
Node: prefix160276
Node: pxe_default_server160740
Node: root160923
Node: shim_lock161483
Node: superusers161754
Node: theme162007
Node: timeout162332
Node: timeout_style162993
Node: tpm_fail_fatal163417
Node: Environment block164102
Node: Special environment block variables166064
Node: saved_entry166535
Node: next_entry166996
Node: env_block167465
Node: Passing environment variables through Xen168234
Node: Modules170821
Node: acpi_module177248
Node: adler32_module177515
Node: affs_module177771
Node: afs_module178045
Node: afsplitter_module178316
Node: ahci_module178593
Node: all_video_module178944
Node: aout_module179224
Node: appleldr_module179607
Node: archelp_module179845
Node: argon2_module180085
Node: argon2_test_module180287
Node: at_keyboard_module180524
Node: ata_module180746
Node: backtrace_module180955
Node: bfs_module181203
Node: biosdisk_module181482
Node: bitmap_module181715
Node: bitmap_scale_module181932
Node: bli_module182135
Node: blocklist_module183176
Node: boot_module183449
Node: boottime_module183703
Node: bsd_module184058
Node: bswap_test_module184517
Node: btrfs_module184753
Node: bufio_module184945
Node: cacheinfo_module185187
Node: cat_module185495
Node: cbfs_module185757
Node: cbls_module186068
Node: cbmemc_module186278
Node: cbtable_module186514
Node: cbtime_module186708
Node: chain_module186947
Node: cmdline_cat_test_module187222
Node: cmosdump_module187471
Node: cmostest_module187764
Node: cmp_module188077
Node: cmp_test_module188326
Node: configfile_module188661
Node: cpio_module189004
Node: cpio_be_module189284
Node: cpuid_module189586
Node: crc64_module189838
Node: crypto_module190015
Node: cryptodisk_module190232
Node: cs5536_module190518
Node: ctz_test_module190723
Node: date_module190970
Node: datehook_module191230
Node: datetime_module191536
Node: disk_module191781
Node: diskfilter_module191976
Node: div_module192282
Node: div_test_module192479
Node: dm_nv_module192697
Node: drivemap_module192904
Node: dsa_sexp_test_module193166
Node: echo_module193386
Node: efi_gop_module193625
Node: efi_uga_module193852
Node: efiemu_module194074
Node: efifwsetup_module194355
Node: efinet_module194633
Node: efitextmode_module194869
Node: ehci_module195150
Node: elf_module195381
Node: emunet_module195582
Node: emupci_module195779
Node: erofs_module195989
Node: escc_module196188
Node: eval_module196380
Node: exfat_module196649
Node: exfctest_module196872
Node: ext2_module197147
Node: extcmd_module197394
Node: f2fs_module197665
Node: fat_module197863
Node: fdt_module198110
Node: file_module198535
Node: fixvideo_module198806
Node: font_module199199
Node: freedos_module199509
Node: fshelp_module199722
Node: functional_test_module199935
Node: gcry_arcfour_module200230
Node: gcry_aria_module200626
Node: gcry_blake2_module200864
Node: gcry_blowfish_module201131
Node: gcry_camellia_module201386
Node: gcry_cast5_module201640
Node: gcry_crc_module201914
Node: gcry_des_module202197
Node: gcry_dsa_module202596
Node: gcry_gost28147_module202859
Node: gcry_gostr3411_94_module203123
Node: gcry_idea_module203403
Node: gcry_keccak_module203688
Node: gcry_md4_module203974
Node: gcry_md5_module204314
Node: gcry_rfc2268_module204655
Node: gcry_rijndael_module205009
Node: gcry_rmd160_module205318
Node: gcry_rsa_module205576
Node: gcry_salsa20_module205839
Node: gcry_seed_module206085
Node: gcry_serpent_module206326
Node: gcry_sha1_module206594
Node: gcry_sha256_module206952
Node: gcry_sha512_module207261
Node: gcry_sm3_module207569
Node: gcry_sm4_module207809
Node: gcry_stribog_module208042
Node: gcry_tiger_module208317
Node: gcry_twofish_module208593
Node: gcry_whirlpool_module208860
Node: gdb_module209120
Node: geli_module209682
Node: gettext_module210048
Node: gfxmenu_module210339
Node: gfxterm_module210665
Node: gfxterm_background_module210915
Node: gfxterm_menu_module211321
Node: gptsync_module211571
Node: gzio_module211807
Node: halt_module212263
Node: hashsum_module212508
Node: hdparm_module212941
Node: hello_module213535
Node: help_module213808
Node: hexdump_module214043
Node: hfs_module214315
Node: hfsplus_module214616
Node: hfspluscomp_module214845
Node: http_module215105
Node: ieee1275_fb_module215440
Node: iorw_module215685
Node: iso9660_module216146
Node: jfs_module216503
Node: jpeg_module216791
Node: json_module217057
Node: keylayouts_module217400
Node: keystatus_module218050
Node: ldm_module218321
Node: legacy_password_test_module218696
Node: legacycfg_module218965
Node: linux_module219502
Node: linux16_module219815
Node: loadbios_module220169
Node: loadenv_module220630
Node: loopback_module221070
Node: ls_module221303
Node: lsacpi_module221511
Node: lsapm_module221789
Node: lsdev_module222054
Node: lsefi_module222330
Node: lsefimmap_module222583
Node: lsefisystab_module222861
Node: lsmmap_module223149
Node: lspci_module223415
Node: lssal_module223659
Node: lsspd_module223964
Node: lsxen_module224264
Node: luks_module224502
Node: luks2_module224742
Node: lvm_module224973
Node: lzopio_module225350
Node: macbless_module225565
Node: macho_module225934
Node: mda_text_module226173
Node: mdraid09_module226433
Node: mdraid09_be_module226845
Node: mdraid1x_module227260
Node: memdisk_module227574
Node: memrw_module227803
Node: memtools_module228427
Node: minicmd_module228712
Node: minix_module229224
Node: minix2_module229508
Node: minix2_be_module229796
Node: minix3_module230102
Node: minix3_be_module230394
Node: minix_be_module230702
Node: mmap_module231006
Node: morse_module231300
Node: mpi_module231524
Node: msdospart_module231847
Node: mul_test_module232104
Node: multiboot_module232344
Node: multiboot2_module232765
Node: nand_module233127
Node: nativedisk_module233345
Node: net_module233586
Node: newc_module234719
Node: nilfs2_module235473
Node: normal_module235775
Node: ntfs_module235997
Node: ntfscomp_module236292
Node: ntldr_module236611
Node: odc_module236871
Node: offsetio_module237347
Node: ofnet_module237571
Node: ohci_module237792
Node: part_acorn_module238030
Node: part_amiga_module238294
Node: part_apple_module238539
Node: part_bsd_module238786
Node: part_dfly_module239025
Node: part_dvh_module239271
Node: part_gpt_module239524
Node: part_msdos_module239783
Node: part_plan_module240059
Node: part_sun_module240304
Node: part_sunpc_module240545
Node: parttool_module240792
Node: password_module241034
Node: password_pbkdf2_module241417
Node: pata_module241688
Node: pbkdf2_module241897
Node: pbkdf2_test_module242149
Node: pci_module242380
Node: pcidump_module242600
Node: pgp_module242922
Node: plainmount_module243484
Node: plan9_module243781
Node: play_module243990
Node: png_module244240
Node: priority_queue_module244460
Node: probe_module244721
Node: procfs_module244981
Node: progress_module245231
Node: pubkey_module245446
Node: pxe_module245692
Node: pxechain_module245953
Node: raid5rec_module246188
Node: raid6rec_module246403
Node: random_module246615
Node: rdmsr_module246905
Node: read_module247161
Node: reboot_module247399
Node: regexp_module247646
Node: reiserfs_module248000
Node: relocator_module248295
Node: romfs_module248591
Node: rsa_sexp_test_module248892
Node: scsi_module249111
Node: sdl_module249461
Node: search_module249921
Node: search_fs_file_module250215
Node: search_fs_uuid_module250539
Node: search_label_module250872
Node: sendkey_module251195
Node: serial_module251460
Node: setjmp_module251768
Node: setjmp_test_module251998
Node: setpci_module252256
Node: sfs_module252505
Node: shift_test_module252795
Node: signature_test_module253040
Node: sleep_module253310
Node: sleep_test_module253588
Node: smbios_module253816
Node: spkmodem_module254086
Node: squash4_module254475
Node: strtoull_test_module254704
Node: suspend_module254947
Node: syslinuxcfg_module255215
Node: tar_module255756
Node: terminal_module255982
Node: terminfo_module256291
Node: test_module256575
Node: test_blockarg_module256875
Node: testload_module257190
Node: testspeed_module257486
Node: tftp_module257740
Node: tga_module258048
Node: time_module258260
Node: tpm_module258509
Node: tr_module258786
Node: trig_module259133
Node: true_module259452
Node: truecrypt_module259704
Node: ubootnet_module259953
Node: udf_module260211
Node: ufs1_module260521
Node: ufs1_be_module260805
Node: ufs2_module261109
Node: uhci_module261394
Node: usb_module261605
Node: usb_keyboard_module261815
Node: usbms_module262015
Node: usbserial_common_module262224
Node: usbserial_ftdi_module262578
Node: usbserial_pl2303_module262889
Node: usbserial_usbdebug_module263200
Node: usbtest_module263660
Node: vbe_module263988
Node: verifiers_module264197
Node: vga_module264438
Node: vga_text_module264649
Node: video_module264868
Node: video_bochs_module265078
Node: video_cirrus_module265341
Node: video_colors_module265594
Node: video_fb_module265844
Node: videoinfo_module266062
Node: videotest_module266366
Node: videotest_checksum_module266693
Node: wrmsr_module267001
Node: xen_boot_module267277
Node: xfs_module267546
Node: xnu_module267727
Node: xnu_uuid_module268192
Node: xnu_uuid_test_module268448
Node: xzio_module268692
Node: zfs_module268889
Node: zfscrypt_module269071
Node: zfsinfo_module269343
Node: zstd_module269643
Node: Commands269832
Node: Menu-specific commands270721
Node: menuentry271440
Node: submenu273029
Node: Loader commands273562
Node: chainloader276058
Node: initrd276751
Node: initrd16278947
Node: linux279553
Node: linux16280460
Node: xen_hypervisor281165
Node: xen_module281609
Node: General commands282110
Node: serial282560
Node: terminal_input284692
Node: terminal_output285362
Node: terminfo286033
Node: Command-line commands287320
Node: [293820
Node: acpi293991
Node: append_add_db_cert295269
Node: append_add_db_hash295973
Node: append_add_dbx_cert297090
Node: append_add_dbx_hash298006
Node: append_list_db299732
Node: append_list_dbx301491
Node: append_verify302062
Node: authenticate302761
Node: background_color303192
Node: background_image303856
Node: badram304399
Node: blocklist305775
Node: blscfg305998
Node: boot309385
Node: cat309691
Node: clear310670
Node: cmosclean310833
Node: cmosdump311122
Node: cmostest311402
Node: cmp311745
Node: configfile312500
Node: cpuid312914
Node: crc313482
Node: cryptocheck313749
Node: cryptomount314298
Node: cutmem317178
Node: date318046
Node: devicetree318575
Node: distrust319102
Node: drivemap319898
Node: echo320735
Node: efitextmode321710
Node: eval323944
Node: export324219
Node: false324519
Node: fdtdump324808
Node: file325549
Node: fwsetup328645
Node: gdbinfo328993
Node: gettext329532
Node: gptsync329978
Node: halt330920
Node: hashsum331300
Node: help332601
Node: hexdump333054
Node: insmod333881
Node: keystatus334087
Node: list_env334712
Node: list_trusted335067
Node: load_env335653
Node: loadfont337771
Node: loopback338135
Node: ls338727
Node: lsfonts339254
Node: lsfreemem339425
Node: lsmod339611
Node: lsmem339787
Node: lsmemregions339976
Node: md5sum340280
Node: module340559
Node: multiboot340856
Node: nativedisk341954
Node: normal342338
Node: normal_exit343106
Node: parttool343413
Node: password344940
Node: password_pbkdf2345207
Node: plainmount345610
Node: plainmount-Footnotes349372
Ref: plainmount-Footnote-1349437
Node: play349528
Node: probe350256
Node: rdmsr350727
Node: read351499
Node: reboot351942
Node: regexp352110
Node: rmmod352642
Node: save_env352820
Node: search353847
Node: sendkey355916
Node: set362430
Node: sha1sum362842
Node: sha256sum363120
Node: sha512sum363412
Node: sleep363702
Node: smbios364215
Node: source367279
Node: stress_big_allocs367838
Node: test368067
Node: tpm2_key_protector_init370971
Node: tpm2_key_protector_clear375530
Node: tpm2_dump_pcr375831
Node: true376394
Node: trust376682
Node: uki377493
Node: unset379255
Node: verify_detached379452
Node: videoinfo380506
Node: wrmsr380769
Node: Networking commands381545
Node: net_add_addr382618
Node: net_add_dns383142
Node: net_add_route383418
Node: net_bootp383946
Node: net_del_addr384311
Node: net_del_dns384551
Node: net_del_route384798
Node: net_dhcp385032
Node: net_get_dhcp_option387107
Node: net_ipv6_autoconf387608
Node: net_ls_addr388033
Node: net_ls_cards388281
Node: net_ls_dns388517
Node: net_ls_routes388748
Node: net_nslookup388955
Node: net_set_vlan389260
Node: Undocumented commands389723
Node: Internationalisation395379
Node: Security402226
Node: Authentication and authorisation403241
Node: Using GPG-style digital signatures406597
Node: Using appended signatures409992
Node: UEFI secure boot and shim416465
Node: Secure Boot Advanced Targeting417602
Node: Measured Boot418641
Node: Lockdown420643
Node: TPM2 key protector422155
Node: Signing certificate and hash files437441
Node: Signing GRUB itself438473
Node: Hardening443100
Node: Platform limitations445403
Node: Platform-specific operations453491
Node: Supported kernels454630
Node: Troubleshooting462267
Node: GRUB only offers a rescue shell462536
Node: Firmware stalls instead of booting GRUB465609
Node: User-space utilities466240
Node: Invoking grub-install467043
Node: Invoking grub-mkconfig469266
Node: Invoking grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2469948
Node: Invoking grub-mkrelpath470660
Node: Invoking grub-mkrescue471482
Node: Invoking grub-mount473340
Node: Invoking grub-probe476494
Node: Invoking grub-protect479252
Node: Invoking grub-script-check486219
Node: Obtaining and Building GRUB486978
Node: Reporting bugs488322
Node: Future491148
Node: Copying This Manual491545
Node: GNU Free Documentation License491773
Node: Index514165

End Tag Table


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