This is grub.info, produced by makeinfo version 7.2 from grub.texi.

This manual is for GNU GRUB (version 2.14-rc1-70-g25b7f6b93, 22 December
2025).

   Copyright ©
1999,2000,2001,2002,2004,2006,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 Free
Software Foundation, Inc.

     Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this
     document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License,
     Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software
     Foundation; with no Invariant Sections.
INFO-DIR-SECTION Kernel
START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY
* GRUB: (grub).                 The GRand Unified Bootloader
* grub-install: (grub)Invoking grub-install.    Install GRUB on your drive
* grub-mkconfig: (grub)Invoking grub-mkconfig.  Generate GRUB configuration
* grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2: (grub)Invoking grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2.
* grub-mkrelpath: (grub)Invoking grub-mkrelpath.
* grub-mkrescue: (grub)Invoking grub-mkrescue.  Make a GRUB rescue image
* grub-mount: (grub)Invoking grub-mount.        Mount a file system using GRUB
* grub-probe: (grub)Invoking grub-probe.        Probe device information
* grub-script-check: (grub)Invoking grub-script-check.
END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY


Indirect:
grub.info-1: 1174
grub.info-2: 301494

Tag Table:
(Indirect)
Node: Top1174
Node: Introduction3783
Node: Overview4227
Node: Overview-Footnotes6225
Ref: Overview-Footnote-16286
Node: History6452
Node: Changes from GRUB Legacy8542
Node: Features11076
Node: Features-Footnotes17854
Ref: Features-Footnote-117915
Ref: Features-Footnote-218011
Ref: Features-Footnote-318158
Node: Role of a boot loader18303
Node: Role of a boot loader-Footnotes19642
Ref: Role of a boot loader-Footnote-119729
Node: Naming convention19808
Node: OS-specific notes about grub tools22775
Node: Installation23811
Node: Installing GRUB using grub-install24961
Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM27316
Node: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnotes29231
Ref: Making a GRUB bootable CD-ROM-Footnote-129334
Node: Device map29409
Node: BIOS installation31396
Node: Booting36047
Node: General boot methods36582
Node: Loading an operating system directly37279
Node: Kexec38006
Node: Chain-loading38769
Node: Loopback booting39733
Node: LVM cache booting41491
Node: OS-specific notes42757
Node: GNU/Hurd43047
Node: GNU/Linux44178
Node: NetBSD45540
Node: DOS/Windows47034
Node: Configuration48828
Node: Simple configuration49548
Node: Root Identification Heuristics67981
Node: Shell-like scripting71136
Node: Shell-like scripting-Footnotes79712
Ref: Shell-like scripting-Footnote-179797
Node: Multi-boot manual config79924
Node: Embedded configuration83546
Node: Theme file format86482
Ref: Pixmap-styled progress bar87947
Ref: Plain progress bar, drawn with solid color.87959
Ref: An example of the slices (in red) used for a terminal window. This drawing was created and sliced in Inkscape_, as the next section explains.91450
Node: Network111914
Node: Serial terminal116649
Node: Vendor power-on keys119084
Node: Images121063
Node: Core image size limitation126190
Node: Filesystem128777
Node: Device syntax129490
Node: File name syntax132627
Node: Block list syntax133741
Node: Interface134641
Node: Command-line interface135469
Node: Command-line interface-Footnotes137393
Ref: Command-line interface-Footnote-1137482
Node: Menu interface137577
Node: Menu entry editor138720
Node: Environment139462
Node: Special environment variables140250
Node: appendedsig_key_mgmt141481
Node: biosnum142167
Node: blsuki_save_default142723
Node: check_appended_signatures143079
Node: check_signatures143760
Node: chosen144085
Node: cmdpath144532
Node: color_highlight144963
Node: color_normal145383
Node: config_directory147138
Node: config_file147434
Node: cryptodisk_passphrase_tries147859
Node: debug148275
Node: default149266
Node: fallback150722
Node: gfxmode151059
Node: gfxpayload151889
Node: gfxterm_font153079
Node: grub_cpu153387
Node: grub_platform153687
Node: icondir153991
Node: lang154312
Node: locale_dir154797
Node: lockdown155302
Node: menu_color_highlight155548
Node: menu_color_normal156050
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_boot_file156559
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_clientid156794
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_clientuuid157036
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_dhcp_server_name157289
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_domain157552
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_extensionspath157799
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_hostname158054
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_ip158293
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_mac158509
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_next_server158730
Node: net_<INTERFACE>_rootpath158973
Node: net_default_interface159212
Node: net_default_ip159432
Node: net_default_mac159629
Node: net_default_server159825
Node: pager160018
Node: prefix160278
Node: pxe_default_server160742
Node: root160925
Node: shim_lock161485
Node: superusers161756
Node: theme162009
Node: timeout162334
Node: timeout_style162995
Node: tpm_fail_fatal163419
Node: Environment block164104
Node: Special environment block variables166066
Node: saved_entry166537
Node: next_entry166998
Node: env_block167467
Node: Passing environment variables through Xen168236
Node: Modules170823
Node: acpi_module177250
Node: adler32_module177517
Node: affs_module177773
Node: afs_module178047
Node: afsplitter_module178318
Node: ahci_module178595
Node: all_video_module178946
Node: aout_module179226
Node: appleldr_module179609
Node: archelp_module179847
Node: argon2_module180087
Node: argon2_test_module180289
Node: at_keyboard_module180526
Node: ata_module180748
Node: backtrace_module180957
Node: bfs_module181205
Node: biosdisk_module181484
Node: bitmap_module181717
Node: bitmap_scale_module181934
Node: bli_module182137
Node: blocklist_module183178
Node: boot_module183451
Node: boottime_module183705
Node: bsd_module184060
Node: bswap_test_module184519
Node: btrfs_module184755
Node: bufio_module184947
Node: cacheinfo_module185189
Node: cat_module185497
Node: cbfs_module185759
Node: cbls_module186070
Node: cbmemc_module186280
Node: cbtable_module186516
Node: cbtime_module186710
Node: chain_module186949
Node: cmdline_cat_test_module187224
Node: cmosdump_module187473
Node: cmostest_module187766
Node: cmp_module188079
Node: cmp_test_module188328
Node: configfile_module188663
Node: cpio_module189006
Node: cpio_be_module189286
Node: cpuid_module189588
Node: crc64_module189840
Node: crypto_module190017
Node: cryptodisk_module190234
Node: cs5536_module190520
Node: ctz_test_module190725
Node: date_module190972
Node: datehook_module191232
Node: datetime_module191538
Node: disk_module191783
Node: diskfilter_module191978
Node: div_module192284
Node: div_test_module192481
Node: dm_nv_module192699
Node: drivemap_module192906
Node: dsa_sexp_test_module193168
Node: echo_module193388
Node: efi_gop_module193627
Node: efi_uga_module193854
Node: efiemu_module194076
Node: efifwsetup_module194357
Node: efinet_module194635
Node: efitextmode_module194871
Node: ehci_module195152
Node: elf_module195383
Node: emunet_module195584
Node: emupci_module195781
Node: erofs_module195991
Node: escc_module196190
Node: eval_module196382
Node: exfat_module196651
Node: exfctest_module196874
Node: ext2_module197149
Node: extcmd_module197396
Node: f2fs_module197667
Node: fat_module197865
Node: fdt_module198112
Node: file_module198537
Node: fixvideo_module198808
Node: font_module199201
Node: freedos_module199511
Node: fshelp_module199724
Node: functional_test_module199937
Node: gcry_arcfour_module200232
Node: gcry_aria_module200628
Node: gcry_blake2_module200866
Node: gcry_blowfish_module201133
Node: gcry_camellia_module201388
Node: gcry_cast5_module201642
Node: gcry_crc_module201916
Node: gcry_des_module202199
Node: gcry_dsa_module202598
Node: gcry_gost28147_module202861
Node: gcry_gostr3411_94_module203125
Node: gcry_idea_module203405
Node: gcry_keccak_module203690
Node: gcry_md4_module203976
Node: gcry_md5_module204316
Node: gcry_rfc2268_module204657
Node: gcry_rijndael_module205011
Node: gcry_rmd160_module205320
Node: gcry_rsa_module205578
Node: gcry_salsa20_module205841
Node: gcry_seed_module206087
Node: gcry_serpent_module206328
Node: gcry_sha1_module206596
Node: gcry_sha256_module206954
Node: gcry_sha512_module207263
Node: gcry_sm3_module207571
Node: gcry_sm4_module207811
Node: gcry_stribog_module208044
Node: gcry_tiger_module208319
Node: gcry_twofish_module208595
Node: gcry_whirlpool_module208862
Node: gdb_module209122
Node: geli_module209684
Node: gettext_module210050
Node: gfxmenu_module210341
Node: gfxterm_module210667
Node: gfxterm_background_module210917
Node: gfxterm_menu_module211323
Node: gptsync_module211573
Node: gzio_module211809
Node: halt_module212265
Node: hashsum_module212510
Node: hdparm_module212943
Node: hello_module213537
Node: help_module213810
Node: hexdump_module214045
Node: hfs_module214317
Node: hfsplus_module214618
Node: hfspluscomp_module214847
Node: http_module215107
Node: ieee1275_fb_module215442
Node: iorw_module215687
Node: iso9660_module216148
Node: jfs_module216505
Node: jpeg_module216793
Node: json_module217059
Node: keylayouts_module217402
Node: keystatus_module218052
Node: ldm_module218323
Node: legacy_password_test_module218698
Node: legacycfg_module218967
Node: linux_module219504
Node: linux16_module219817
Node: loadbios_module220171
Node: loadenv_module220632
Node: loopback_module221072
Node: ls_module221305
Node: lsacpi_module221513
Node: lsapm_module221791
Node: lsdev_module222056
Node: lsefi_module222332
Node: lsefimmap_module222585
Node: lsefisystab_module222863
Node: lsmmap_module223151
Node: lspci_module223417
Node: lssal_module223661
Node: lsspd_module223966
Node: lsxen_module224266
Node: luks_module224504
Node: luks2_module224744
Node: lvm_module224975
Node: lzopio_module225352
Node: macbless_module225567
Node: macho_module225936
Node: mda_text_module226175
Node: mdraid09_module226435
Node: mdraid09_be_module226847
Node: mdraid1x_module227262
Node: memdisk_module227576
Node: memrw_module227805
Node: memtools_module228429
Node: minicmd_module228714
Node: minix_module229226
Node: minix2_module229510
Node: minix2_be_module229798
Node: minix3_module230104
Node: minix3_be_module230396
Node: minix_be_module230704
Node: mmap_module231008
Node: morse_module231302
Node: mpi_module231526
Node: msdospart_module231849
Node: mul_test_module232106
Node: multiboot_module232346
Node: multiboot2_module232767
Node: nand_module233129
Node: nativedisk_module233347
Node: net_module233588
Node: newc_module234721
Node: nilfs2_module235475
Node: normal_module235777
Node: ntfs_module235999
Node: ntfscomp_module236294
Node: ntldr_module236613
Node: odc_module236873
Node: offsetio_module237349
Node: ofnet_module237573
Node: ohci_module237794
Node: part_acorn_module238032
Node: part_amiga_module238296
Node: part_apple_module238541
Node: part_bsd_module238788
Node: part_dfly_module239027
Node: part_dvh_module239273
Node: part_gpt_module239526
Node: part_msdos_module239785
Node: part_plan_module240061
Node: part_sun_module240306
Node: part_sunpc_module240547
Node: parttool_module240794
Node: password_module241036
Node: password_pbkdf2_module241419
Node: pata_module241690
Node: pbkdf2_module241899
Node: pbkdf2_test_module242151
Node: pci_module242382
Node: pcidump_module242602
Node: pgp_module242924
Node: plainmount_module243486
Node: plan9_module243783
Node: play_module243992
Node: png_module244242
Node: priority_queue_module244462
Node: probe_module244723
Node: procfs_module244983
Node: progress_module245233
Node: pubkey_module245448
Node: pxe_module245694
Node: pxechain_module245955
Node: raid5rec_module246190
Node: raid6rec_module246405
Node: random_module246617
Node: rdmsr_module246907
Node: read_module247163
Node: reboot_module247401
Node: regexp_module247648
Node: reiserfs_module248002
Node: relocator_module248297
Node: romfs_module248593
Node: rsa_sexp_test_module248894
Node: scsi_module249113
Node: sdl_module249463
Node: search_module249923
Node: search_fs_file_module250217
Node: search_fs_uuid_module250541
Node: search_label_module250874
Node: sendkey_module251197
Node: serial_module251462
Node: setjmp_module251770
Node: setjmp_test_module252000
Node: setpci_module252258
Node: sfs_module252507
Node: shift_test_module252797
Node: signature_test_module253042
Node: sleep_module253312
Node: sleep_test_module253590
Node: smbios_module253818
Node: spkmodem_module254088
Node: squash4_module254477
Node: strtoull_test_module254706
Node: suspend_module254949
Node: syslinuxcfg_module255217
Node: tar_module255758
Node: terminal_module255984
Node: terminfo_module256293
Node: test_module256577
Node: test_blockarg_module256877
Node: testload_module257192
Node: testspeed_module257488
Node: tftp_module257742
Node: tga_module258050
Node: time_module258262
Node: tpm_module258511
Node: tr_module258788
Node: trig_module259135
Node: true_module259454
Node: truecrypt_module259706
Node: ubootnet_module259955
Node: udf_module260213
Node: ufs1_module260523
Node: ufs1_be_module260807
Node: ufs2_module261111
Node: uhci_module261396
Node: usb_module261607
Node: usb_keyboard_module261817
Node: usbms_module262017
Node: usbserial_common_module262226
Node: usbserial_ftdi_module262580
Node: usbserial_pl2303_module262891
Node: usbserial_usbdebug_module263202
Node: usbtest_module263662
Node: vbe_module263990
Node: verifiers_module264199
Node: vga_module264440
Node: vga_text_module264651
Node: video_module264870
Node: video_bochs_module265080
Node: video_cirrus_module265343
Node: video_colors_module265596
Node: video_fb_module265846
Node: videoinfo_module266064
Node: videotest_module266368
Node: videotest_checksum_module266695
Node: wrmsr_module267003
Node: xen_boot_module267279
Node: xfs_module267548
Node: xnu_module267729
Node: xnu_uuid_module268194
Node: xnu_uuid_test_module268450
Node: xzio_module268694
Node: zfs_module268891
Node: zfscrypt_module269073
Node: zfsinfo_module269345
Node: zstd_module269645
Node: Commands269834
Node: Menu-specific commands270723
Node: menuentry271442
Node: submenu273031
Node: Loader commands273564
Node: chainloader276060
Node: initrd276753
Node: initrd16278949
Node: linux279555
Node: linux16280462
Node: xen_hypervisor281167
Node: xen_module281611
Node: General commands282112
Node: serial282562
Node: terminal_input284694
Node: terminal_output285364
Node: terminfo286035
Node: Command-line commands287322
Node: [293822
Node: acpi293993
Node: append_add_db_cert295271
Node: append_add_db_hash295975
Node: append_add_dbx_cert297092
Node: append_add_dbx_hash298008
Node: append_list_db299734
Node: append_list_dbx301494
Node: append_verify302065
Node: authenticate302764
Node: background_color303195
Node: background_image303859
Node: badram304402
Node: blocklist305778
Node: blscfg306001
Node: boot309388
Node: cat309694
Node: clear310673
Node: cmosclean310836
Node: cmosdump311125
Node: cmostest311405
Node: cmp311748
Node: configfile312503
Node: cpuid312917
Node: crc313485
Node: cryptocheck313752
Node: cryptomount314301
Node: cutmem317181
Node: date318049
Node: devicetree318578
Node: distrust319105
Node: drivemap319901
Node: echo320738
Node: efitextmode321713
Node: eval323947
Node: export324222
Node: false324522
Node: fdtdump324811
Node: file325552
Node: fwsetup328648
Node: gdbinfo328996
Node: gettext329535
Node: gptsync329981
Node: halt330923
Node: hashsum331303
Node: help332604
Node: hexdump333057
Node: insmod333884
Node: keystatus334090
Node: list_env334715
Node: list_trusted335070
Node: load_env335656
Node: loadfont337774
Node: loopback338138
Node: ls338730
Node: lsfonts339257
Node: lsfreemem339428
Node: lsmod339614
Node: lsmem339790
Node: lsmemregions339979
Node: md5sum340283
Node: module340562
Node: multiboot340859
Node: nativedisk341957
Node: normal342341
Node: normal_exit343109
Node: parttool343416
Node: password344943
Node: password_pbkdf2345210
Node: plainmount345613
Node: plainmount-Footnotes349375
Ref: plainmount-Footnote-1349440
Node: play349531
Node: probe350259
Node: rdmsr350730
Node: read351502
Node: reboot351945
Node: regexp352113
Node: rmmod352645
Node: save_env352823
Node: search353850
Node: sendkey355919
Node: set362433
Node: sha1sum362845
Node: sha256sum363123
Node: sha512sum363415
Node: sleep363705
Node: smbios364218
Node: source367282
Node: stress_big_allocs367841
Node: test368070
Node: tpm2_key_protector_init370974
Node: tpm2_key_protector_clear375533
Node: tpm2_dump_pcr375834
Node: true376397
Node: trust376685
Node: uki377496
Node: unset379258
Node: verify_detached379455
Node: videoinfo380509
Node: wrmsr380772
Node: Networking commands381548
Node: net_add_addr382621
Node: net_add_dns383145
Node: net_add_route383421
Node: net_bootp383949
Node: net_del_addr384314
Node: net_del_dns384554
Node: net_del_route384801
Node: net_dhcp385035
Node: net_get_dhcp_option387110
Node: net_ipv6_autoconf387611
Node: net_ls_addr388036
Node: net_ls_cards388284
Node: net_ls_dns388520
Node: net_ls_routes388751
Node: net_nslookup388958
Node: net_set_vlan389263
Node: Undocumented commands389726
Node: Internationalisation395382
Node: Security402229
Node: Authentication and authorisation403244
Node: Using GPG-style digital signatures406600
Node: Using appended signatures409995
Node: UEFI secure boot and shim416468
Node: Secure Boot Advanced Targeting417605
Node: Measured Boot418644
Node: Lockdown420646
Node: TPM2 key protector422158
Node: Signing certificate and hash files437444
Node: Signing GRUB itself438476
Node: Hardening443103
Node: Platform limitations445406
Node: Platform-specific operations453494
Node: Supported kernels454633
Node: Troubleshooting462270
Node: GRUB only offers a rescue shell462539
Node: Firmware stalls instead of booting GRUB465612
Node: User-space utilities466243
Node: Invoking grub-install467046
Node: Invoking grub-mkconfig469269
Node: Invoking grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2469951
Node: Invoking grub-mkrelpath470663
Node: Invoking grub-mkrescue471485
Node: Invoking grub-mount473343
Node: Invoking grub-probe476497
Node: Invoking grub-protect479255
Node: Invoking grub-script-check486222
Node: Obtaining and Building GRUB486981
Node: Reporting bugs488325
Node: Future491151
Node: Copying This Manual491548
Node: GNU Free Documentation License491776
Node: Index514168

End Tag Table


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